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Glossary
SEO glossary A to Z

What a canonical tag is and when to use it

A canonical tag tells search engines which address is the main copy when the same page can be reached at several.

What it is#

A canonical tag is a line in the hidden head of a page that names the preferred address for that content. It is a link tag in the page head with rel set to canonical and the preferred address as its target. It is a hint to search engines, not a command. They usually follow it when it makes sense.

Why it matters#

One page can often be reached at several addresses: with and without www, with a tracking code on the end, with a trailing slash, or inside a filtered list. A search engine may treat each as a separate page with the same text. Links and attention are then split across copies, and the wrong copy may appear in results. A canonical tag gathers them onto the one you choose. See also duplicate content.

How to check#

  1. View the page source and search for canonical.
  2. Read the address it names. It should be the full, working address of this page, including https://.
  3. Try the variants of your address (with www, without, with a ?utm_source= tail). Each should name the same canonical address.

How to fix#

  • Give every indexable page a self-referencing canonical: the tag points to the page's own clean address. Many themes and SEO plugins do this when a setting is on.
  • Point variants to the main version. Tracking-code copies, print versions and sorted lists should name the plain address.
  • Pick one site address (https, www or not) and use it in every canonical, link and sitemap entry. Also redirect the other forms to it; see 301 versus 302 redirects.
  • Syndicated content: if another site republishes your article, ask it to add a canonical pointing to yours.

Common mistakes#

  • Pointing the canonical at a different page because of a copy-paste. The page named can replace yours in results.
  • Using a relative or http address when the site runs on https.
  • Pointing to an address that redirects or returns an error.
  • Canonicalizing every page to the home page. This tells search engines your inner pages are copies.
  • Using canonical to hide a page. It does not block anything. Use a noindex instruction for that; see noindex.
  • Mixing signals, such as a canonical to page A while the sitemap lists page B.

Cleaning up copies is a bigger job than one tag; see how to fix duplicate content.